Connections have announced that Economics has been retired to stand at stud.

Trained by William Haggas, Economics burst onto the scene with a power-packed success in the Dante Stakes last season. Connections opted to bypass the Epsom Derby following his impressive trial success and the striking son of Night Of Thunder went on to record a facile victory in the Group 2 Prix Guillaume d'Ornano at Deauville before claiming top-level glory thanks to a battling triumph over dual Derby hero Auguste Rodin in the Irish Champion Stakes.

William Haggas' charge subsequently bled from the nose when defeated in the Champion Stakes on his final outing as a three-year-old and after a setback ruled him out of his intended reappearance at Royal Ascot in June, he always looked to be up against it when making in a top-class line up in the same event this season.

Economics could only finish eighth under Tom Marquand and again the veterinary report read that he had bled from the nose once more.

Shaikh Isa Bin Salman Al Khalifa's four-year-old will now be retired to stud although connections are yet to clarify where he will take up stallion duties.